Glossary of Projects and Organizations

ShortName	LongName	URL	Definition
ABLS	American Bryological & Lichenological Society	http://www.abls.org/	Professional association of brytologists and lichenologists. The society was founded in 1898, is devoted to the scientific study of all aspects of the biology of bryophytes and lichen-forming fungi, and is one of the nation's oldest botanical organizations. Membership is open to all persons (professionals and amateurs) with interest in these organisms.
ACIS	Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory	http://acis.ufl.edu/	Associated with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Florida (UF). Since 2001, the ACIS Lab has pioneered research and development in machine and application virtualization in distributed computing and web-based science gateways, high-performance wide-area overlay virtual networks, social and peer-to-peer virtual private networks, and self-configuring virtual appliances. The ACIS Lab hosts one of the main funded sites of the NSF FutureGrid project. The ACIS Lab has excellent connectivity to national and international networks through either 1-Gigabit or 10-Gigabit fiber connections.
ADBC	Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections	http://www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ.jsp?ods_key=nsf11005	This program encourages new collaborations to develop thematic networks and an innovative national resource coordinating organization, the purpose of which is to create a national resource of digital data documenting existing biological collections and advancing scientific knowledge by improving access to digitized information (including images) residing in vouchered scientific collections across the United States.
ALA	Atlas of Living Australia	http://www.ala.org.au/	The Atlas of Living Australia is a joint initiative to build a national database of Australia's flora and fauna. The project brings together a huge array of information on Australia's biodiversity, accessible through a single website. Partners in this collaborative project include CSIRO, museums, herbaria, other biological collections, the Australian Government, and the community.
AmphibiaWeb	AmphibiaWeb	http://amphibiaweb.org/	An online system that provides access to information on amphibian declines, conservation, natural history, and taxonomy. Includes georeferenced distribution maps utilizing Berkeley Mapper.
Animal Divesity Web	Animal Divesity Web	http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html	Animal Diversity Web (ADW) is an online database of animal natural history, distribution, classification, and conservation biology at the University of Michigan. Data include descriptions, still images, video, and audio.
Arctos	Arctos	http://arctos.database.museum/home.cfm	Arctos is an ongoing effort to integrate access to specimen data, collection-management tools, and external resources on the internet. Nearly all that is known about a specimen can be included in Arctos, and, except for some data encumbered for proprietary reasons, data are open to the public. Arctos is a multidisciplinary collection management information system for natural history. It integrates access to diverse types of collections (paleontology, entomology, botany, ornithology, mammalogy, herpetology) and data types, including specimen records, observations, tissues, parasites, stomach contents, fieldnotes and other documents, and media such as images and audio recordings. It also integrates data with projects and publications that either contribute to the collections or that use data from the collections.
BHL	Biodiversity Heritage Library	http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/	The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is a consortium of natural history and botanical libraries that cooperate to digitize and make accessible the legacy literature of biodiversity held in their collections and to make that literature available for open access and responsible use as a part of a global biodiversity commons. BHL also serves as the foundational literature component of the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). BHL content may be freely viewed through the online reader or downloaded in part or as a complete work in PDF, OCR text, or JPG2000 file formats.
BiSciCol	Biological Science Collections Tracker	http://biscicol.blogspot.com/p/home.html	BiSciCol (Biological Science Collections) Tracker is an NSF-funded collaborative project with the goal of building an infrastructure designed to tag and track scientific collections and all of their derivatives. BiSciCol is designed on the simple premise that changes to data objects are trackable with GUIDs, and that semantic relationships are assignable and discoverable among physical and data objects.
CF21	Cyberinfrastructure Framework for 21st Century Science and Engineering	http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2010/nsf10015/nsf10015.jsp	A report from the National Science Foundation outlining cyberinfrastructure crises, needs, issues, and strategies for the 21st century.
CNABH	Consortium of North American Bryophyte Herbaria	http://symbiota.org/bryophytes/index.php	Created to serve as a gateway to distributed data resources of interest to the taxonomic and environmental research community in North America. Through a common web interface, we offer tools to locate, access and work with a variety of data, starting with searching databased herbarium records. A suite of data access technologies and a distributed network of universities, museums, and agencies that provide taxonomic and environmental information.
CNALH	Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria	http://symbiota.org/nalichens/	Created to serve as a gateway to distributed data resources of interest to the taxonomic and environmental research community in North America. Through a common web interface, we offer tools to locate, access and work with a variety of data, such as keying to species. A suite of data access technologies and a distributed network of universities, botanical gardens, museums, and agencies that provide taxonomic and environmental information. Initially created to integrate databases between Arizona State University and the Santa Barbara Botantical Garden, the consortium is growing to extend its network to other partners within North America.
CollectionsWeb	CollectionsWeb	http://collectionsweb.org/index.html	CollectionsWeb is an outreach of The Research Coordination Network (RCN) for Building a National Community of Natural History Collections, which started as a way to build communication among people at natural history collections, researchers using those collections, other programs dealing with issues important to collections, and other stakeholders. The goal of this project is to build community among natural history collections and for CollectionsWeb to serve as an online hub for collections-based activities. It provides links to sites with specimen data, but does not deliver data, itself.
DataONE	Data Observation Network for Earth	https://www.dataone.org/	Data Observation Network for Earth (DataONE) desires to be the foundation of new innovative environmental science through a distributed framework and sustainable cyberinfrastructure that meets the needs of science and society for open, persistent, robust, and secure access to well-described and easily discovered Earth observational data. Supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation, DataONE will ensure the preservation and access to multi-scale, multi-discipline, and multi-national science data. DataONE will transcend domain boundaries and make biological data available from the genome to the ecosystem; make environmental data available from atmospheric, ecological, hydrological, and oceanographic sources; provide secure and long-term preservation and access; and engage scientists, land-managers, policy makers, students, educators, and the public through logical access and intuitive visualizations. Most importantly, DataONE is not an end but a means to serve a broader range of science domains both directly and through the interoperability with the DataONE distributed network.
Discover Life	Discover Life	http://www.discoverlife.org/	Provides free on-line tools to identify species, share ways to teach and study nature's wonders, report findings, build maps, process images, and contribute to and learn from a growing, interactive encyclopedia of life that now has more than one million species pages.
EOL	Encyclopedia of Life	http://eol.org/	EOL's vision is to offer global access to knowledge about life on Earth. Its mission is to increase awareness and understanding of living nature through an Encyclopedia of Life that gathers, generates, and shares knowledge in an open, freely accessible and trusted digital resource.
FishNet 2	FishNet	http://www.fishnet2.net/	FishNet is a collaborative effort by natural history museums and other biodiversity institutions to establish a global network of Ichthyology collections. There is an open invitation for any institution with a fish collection to join. The current portal is an outgrowth of the original FishNet project with improvements in network stability, georeferencing capabilities, and technical support. Users are provided access to searchable, mappable, and downloadable data that are cached on a regular basis from participating institutions who have published their data via the DiGIR or TAPIR protocols with a Darwin Core schema.
GBIF	Global Biodiversity Information Facility	http://www.gbif.org/	The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) was established by governments in 2001 to encourage free and open access to biodiversity data, via the Internet. Through a global network of 57 countries and 47 organizations, GBIF promotes and facilitates the mobilization, access, discovery, and use of information about the occurrence of organisms over time and across the planet. GBIF is not a data repository. Its purpose is to serve data from other repositories.
Gene Ontology	The Gene Ontology	http://www.geneontology.org/	The Gene Ontology project is a major bioinformatics initiative with the aim of standardizing the representation of gene and gene product attributes across species and databases. The project provides a controlled vocabulary of terms for describing gene product characteristics and gene product annotation data from GO Consortium members, as well as tools to access and process this data.
GLOBIS	Global Butterfly Information System	http://www.lepidat.org/platform/lex/globis/home/index.do	The Global Butterfly Information System provides information on butterflies based on several research projects. It supports data, pictures, and label information on nearly all type specimen of European museum collections. Summary factsheets are also available on a growing number of species.
Herbaria@Home	Herbaria@Home	http://herbariaunited.org/atHome/	A crowd sourcing method for documenting the United Kingdom's herbarium collections using remote volunteers.
HerpNET	HerpNET	http://www.herpnet.org/	HerpNET is a collaborative effort by natural history museums to establish a global network of herpetological collections data, funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF No. 0132303) and a GBIF DIGIT grant. Sixty-four institutions are participating in the HerpNET community, with an open-ended invitation to institutions who would like to join. Currently 50 institutions are available on the specimen searching portal, with data from over 5.5 million specimens available for searching.
HUB	Home Uniting Biocollections	http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2010/nsf10603/nsf10603.htm	A co-funded partnership between the University of Florida and Florida State University that will deliver the Integrated Digitized Biocollections (iDigBio). The central aggregator of digitized biological collection data from TCNs, PENs, and other collection locations. Charged by NSF with being the national resource for biological collection digitization.
Hymenoptera Online	Hymenoptera Online	http://hol.osu.edu/	Extensive information of Hymenoptera including specimen-based distribution, literature references, along with digitalized publications, and specimen images.
iDigBio	Integrated Digitized Biocollections	https://www.idigbio.org/	The project funded by the NSF to develop an integrated national infrastructure for digitization of existing biodiversity collections in the U.S. iDigBio is also known as the National Resource for Advancing Digitization of Biological Collections (ADBC).
InvertNet	InvertNet	http://invertnet.org/about	InvertNet is one of three initial Thematic Colletions Networks funded by the National Science Foundation's Advancing Digitization of Biological Collections (ADBC) program to provide unprecedented access to specimen images and data from invertebrate collections. This website is designed as a platform for research and education on the biodiversity of invertebrate animals, initially focusing on terrestrial and freshwater aquatic arthropods (insects and related groups).
iPlant	Iplant Collaborative	http://www.iplantcollaborative.org/	iPlant is a community of researchers, educators, and students working to enrich all plant sciences through the development of cyberinfrastructure - the physical computing resources, collaborative environment, virtual machine resources, and interoperable analysis software and data services that are essential components of modern biology.
IWGSC	Interagency Working Group on Scientific Collections	http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/sci-collections-report-2009-rev2.pdf	An interagency group studying and characterising federally held scientific collections and determining their long-term stewardship needs.
Map of Life	Map of Life	http://www.mapoflife.org/	This website aims to be a complete resource for convergent evolution. It allows exploration of the ways that similar adaptive solutions have repeatedly evolved from unrelated starting points and identifies hundreds of examples of convergence.
Morphster	Morphster	http://www.morphster.org/	Morphster.org's goal is to develop a demonstration prototype of a service-oriented architecture enabling and supporting morphologically based phylogenetic studies.
NEOMAP	Neogene Mammal Mapping Portal	http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/neomap/use.html	NEOMAP is an initial stage in a distributed database system for paleomammalogy, designed to link different, free-standing databases (Miocene Mammal Mapping Project [MIOMAP] and FAUNMAP) by a common access portal. These two linked datasets now provide point-occurrence data for all published late-Oligocene through Holocene mammals in the USA, and for many Quaternary localities in Canada. Interactively search for, retrieve, and analyze data from the MIOMAP and FAUNMAP databases, either separately or in concert.
NESCent	National Evolutionary Synthesis Center	http://www.nescent.org/	The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent) is a nonprofit science center dedicated to cross-disciplinary research in evolution. NESCent is jointly operated by Duke University, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, and is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NESCent promotes the synthesis of information, concepts and knowledge to address significant, emerging, or novel questions in evolutionary science and its applications. NESCent achieves this by supporting research and education across disciplinary, institutional, geographic, and demographic boundaries.
NIBA	Network Integrated Biocollections Alliance	http://digbiocol.wordpress.com/	An alliance that developed the strategic plan from which the National Science Foundation's Advancing Digitization of Biological Collections was laun
OpenStack	Open Stack Cloud Manager	http://www.openstack.org/	OpenStack is an IaaS cloud computing project by Rackspace Cloud and NASA. Currently more than 120 companies have joined the project among which are Citrix Systems, Dell, AMD, Intel, Canonical, SUSE Linux, HP, and Cisco. It is free open source software released under the terms of the Apache License. OpenStack integrates code from NASA's Nebula platform as well as Rackspace's Cloud Files platform.
Phenoscape	Phenoscape	http://phenoscape.org/wiki/Main_Page	The overall objective for Phenoscape is to create a scalable infrastructure that enables linking descriptive phenotype observations across different fields of biology by the semantic similarity of their free-text descriptions. In other words, we are trying to make descriptive observations amenable to large-scale computation so that they can be subjected to computational data integration and knowledge discovery techniques in ways similarly powerful as the traditional techniques used to for numeric, quantitative observations.
Species 2000	Species 2000	http://www.sp2000.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13&Itemid=41	Species 2000 is a "federation" of database organisations working closely with users, taxonomists, and sponsoring agencies. Its goal is to create a validated checklist of all the world's species (plants, animals, fungi and microbes) by bringing together an array of global species databases covering each of the major groups of organisms. The programme in partnership with the Integrated Taxonomic Information system (ITIS) of North America currently produces the Catalogue of Life, which is used by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and Encyclopedia of Life (EoL) as the taxonomic backbone to their web portals.
STEM	The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Coalition	http://www.stemedcoalition.org/	The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Coalition works to support STEM programs for teachers and students at the U. S. Department of Education, the National Science Foundation, and other agencies that offer STEM related programs. The STEM Education Coalition represents all sectors of the technological workforce, from knowledge workers, to educators, to scientists, engineers, and technicians. The participating organizations of the STEM Education Coalition are dedicated to ensuring quality STEM education at all levels.
SYMBIOTA	Symbiota Software Project	http://symbiota.org/tiki/tiki-index.php	The Symbiota Software Project is working towards building a library of web tools to aid biologists in establishing specimen-based virtual floras and faunas. Symbiota web tools strive to integrate biological community knowledge and data in order to synthesize a network of databases and tools that will aid in increasing our overall environmental comprehension. The central premise of this open source software project is that through a partnership between software engines and scientific community, higher quality and more publicly useful biodiversity portals can be built.
TCN	Thematic Collections Network	http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2010/nsf10603/nsf10603.htm	Networks of collaborative institutions funded by NSF as part of Advancing Digitization of Biological Collections (ADBC). TCNs are responsible for conducting the digitization of collections. TCNs are charged with defining and delineating subprojects for technology development or content generation; identifying deliverable goals, metrics for assessment, and specific needs for community support; providing technical support; and strengthening communications and outreach to other collections.
Universal Chalcidiodea Database	Universal Chalcidiodea Database	http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/chalcidoids/database/	Allows users to find the current valid taxon for genus- and species-group names; browse valid families, genera, and species, with synonyms; list chalcidoid parasitoids of an associate family, genus, or species; list taxa associated with a valid chalcidoid genus or species; list chalcidoid taxa recorded from regions, countries, or states; and browse images and videos of chalcidoids.
University of Florida Biodiversity Institute	University of Florida Biodiversity Institute	http://news.ufl.edu/2002/11/07/biodiversity/	Established at the Florida Museum of Natural History (FLMNH) and located on the University of Florida (UF) campus, the mission of the Biodiversity Institute is to expand the research and outreach capacity of the FLMNH. The Institute creates a cross-disciplinary research facility where scientists, educators, students, and policy-makers develop research and educational collaborations. It will meet the challenge of understanding biodiversity in a rapidly changing world by accelerating research and distribution of validated information, thereby improving the ability to respond to environmental issues and challenges. The Institute is expected to create additional synergy and efficiencies through the hiring of key positions and the implementation of policies that create collaboration and holistic problem solving.
VertNet	VertNet	http://vertnet.org/index.php	A collaboration of 171 collections from 12 countries, with 52 additional collections from 20 countries, committed to participation in a cloud-based computing strategy to create a fast, cost-effective, and scalable data platform to deliver veterbrate collections data via the web. Serves as an umbrella for MaNIS, HerpNet, ORNIS, and FishNEt.